Thank you, Mr. Speaker. Mr. Speaker, as I already noted, the purpose of this bill is to reduce the period required to achieve resident status for the purposes of wildlife harvesting from two years to six months.
Mr. Speaker, the act currently defines non-residents as people who have lived in the Northwest Territories for less than two years. This is the most stringent residency requirement found in any provincial or territorial wildlife statute. Once these non-residents have moved to the Northwest Territories, they are immediately eligible to transfer their current driver's licence for an NWT driver's licence. After only three months, they qualify as residents for NWT health care.
Mr. Speaker, although these non-residents live in our communities, support our economy and pay income tax to the territorial government, they must wait for two years before being considered residents under the Wildlife Act. During those two years, they are subject to all the hunting restrictions that people who do not live in the Northwest Territories must face. So even though they live here year-round, their hunting rights are only the same as a person from southern Canada who visits the North for just a few days each year to hunt big game.
When it comes to small game, Mr. Speaker, there are restrictions placed on their hunting activities. Their licences are more expensive and they have quota restrictions not faced by residents.
Mr. Speaker, I found it very interesting that the Fisheries Act defines an NWT resident as a Canadian citizen or landed immigrant who has resided continuously in the Northwest Territories for three months immediately preceding the day he begins to fish. That means that a person can purchase an NWT resident fishing licence and harvest fish after only having lived here for three months.
Mr. Speaker, the current Wildlife Act is over 20 years old and must be updated to make it compatible with settled land claim agreements, the Canadian Constitution and other federal and territorial legislation. For over 10 years, successive governments have been talking about completing a comprehensive review of the Wildlife Act. In fact, Mr. Speaker, I was looking at Hansard from March 29, 1994, and I found that on that date, the Standing Committee on Legislation made this comment in a report to the Legislative Assembly:
"The committee would like to note that the government had made a commitment three years ago to review the entire Wildlife Act. The committee wonders at what stage this review is at."
Mr. Speaker, there was no response at the time from the government. It appears that we are caught in a never-ending review process. My constituents and I have heard for so long that a comprehensive review of the Wildlife Act, including the residency requirements, would soon be done, yet it never seems to happen. For that reason, I decided that it was time to bring this minor amendment forward now.
I initially became interested in reducing the residency requirement after several constituents, who were either RCMP officers or members of the Armed Forces, complained to me that they wanted to fully enjoy the outdoor experience offered in the Northwest Territories but they were often transferred before having the opportunity to hunt.
In several other provinces in Canada, RCMP and DND members are given special exemptions. I know that many RCMP and DND members seek northern transfers because of the wilderness experience the northern lifestyle can offer. They made the point to me that they provide a vital service to all citizens of the Northwest Territories and Canada, and I felt it unfair that members of the RCMP and the Canadian Forces may not be able to enjoy the full benefit of living in the North because of the long residency requirement for a hunting licence.
I had initially asked the Minister responsible to consider an exemption to the two-year residency requirement for RCMP and Canadian Forces personnel. However, Mr. Speaker, I have now come to believe that a new residency requirement in the Northwest Territories should apply to all people, not just to RCMP and DND members. After all, the Charter of Rights and Freedoms guarantees equal protection and benefit of the law to every individual.
The Wildlife Act should not be seen as providing special treatment for certain segments of the population. Therefore, this amendment proposes to reduce the residency requirement for all people in the Northwest Territories to six months.
Mr. Speaker, I would argue too that this is a quality of life issue. I have often heard Members in this Assembly talk about the quality of life in the North as one of the advantages we need to use to attract health professionals. Being able to fully enjoy the outdoors by hunting as a resident is a part of the quality of life we need to be able to use when trying to attract people to the Territories. So I would like to propose six months.
Mr. Speaker, the current residency requirement of two years, as I have noted, is the longest of anywhere in Canada. One other jurisdiction requires residency of one year, and all the others, other than Nunavut, require six months or less. Alberta and Manitoba actually have no residency requirement.
Mr. Speaker, I know that the Department of Resources, Wildlife and Economic Development states in its business plan that the development of a new Wildlife Act is a priority. During session last June, the Minister of RWED advised the House that at the most optimistic, new wildlife legislation would be brought forward by the fall of 2002.
I have heard the government talk about revising the Wildlife Act for over ten years. It is a very complex process. I am not convinced that we will see new legislation during the life of this Assembly. In the meantime, I am proposing that we do the right thing immediately and make a simple amendment to our outdated Wildlife Act. It is basically an administrative procedure to reduce the residency requirement to six months so that we are in-line with the rest of Canada.
Some have suggested that we need to maintain the longer residency requirement for conservation purposes. However, Mr. Speaker, conservation is achieved by regulating the number of animals harvested and the areas where big game may be hunted, not by imposing an arbitrary residency requirement. Conservation issues should be addressed on a species-by-species basis as the need arises. There are many tools in wildlife legislation to do this. For example, quotas for non-aboriginal residents that do not depend on residency, which can disenfranchise someone across the board, not just for a species that is in trouble.
Each year, RWED uses a system of licences, tags, quotas, seasons, and wildlife management areas to regulate the level of resident hunting. The wildlife harvest is constantly monitored. In this manner, as the number of resident hunters increases or decreases, the hunting regulations are adjusted to ensure that the animal populations stay healthy. Mr. Speaker, that is the way to ensure conservation, not by imposing unreasonable residency requirements.
It is also important to note the changes in the residency requirement will have no impact on the holders of general hunting licences. The holder of a GHL may hunt virtually without restriction throughout areas of the Northwest Territories that do not have separate land claims. This proposed amendment to the Wildlife Act will in no way impose on the current traditional hunting rights of aboriginal people and GHL holders in the Northwest Territories.
Mr. Speaker, one of the main reasons for revising wildlife legislation is so that it will recognize and become more fully integrated with land claim agreements. This amendment that I am proposing will be compatible with, and have no impact on, those agreements. Each wildlife management council will continue to regulate hunting within its respective settlement area, as detailed in its land claim agreement.
Mr. Speaker, I ask other Members for their support for this bill today. Let us make hunting regulations and restrictions using good wildlife management procedures, but let us make the waiting period fair for all residents of the Northwest Territories. Thank you, Mr. Speaker.